Chapter 34-35 Study Guides
Chapter #34: IDENTIFICATIONS
Cordell Hull
FDR’s secretary of state who promoted reciprocal trade agreements
Winston Churchill
Prime minister of Britain who led GB’s lonely resistance to Hitler
Charles Lindbergh
Leader of America First organization and chief spokesman for US isolationism
Good Neighbor Policy
US will not use hostile forces to gain/help surrounding territories.
Reciprocal Trade Agreement Act
Lower tariffs in US will increase trade.
Rome-Berlin Axis
The alliance between Mussolini (Italy) and Hitler (Germany)
Neutrality Acts
Series of laws by Congress in 1930s that attempted to prevent US involvement in future overseas wars
Russo-German Nonaggression Pact
Stalin (Russia) and Hitler (Germany) will not attack each other
"Cash and carry"
No credit and WE will not haul the cargo
America First Committee
Isolationist group advocating that US focus on continental defense and noninvolvement with European wars
Lend-Lease Act
1941 law that made US the arsenal of democracy by providing temporary military material to Britain
Atlantic Charter
US British agreement of Aug 1941 to promote democracy and establish a new international organization for peace
Chapter #34 Guided Reading Questions
The London Conference
Know: London Economic Conference
1. What were the results of Roosevelt's decision not to help stabilize currencies?
The results of Roosevelt’s decisions not to help stabilize currencies were solidifying US isolationist’s policies. US were alone in both war and economy.
Freedom for (from?) the Filipinos and Recognition for the Russians
Know: Tydings-McDuffie Act
2. What was the reason for America's decision to free the Philippines?
Philippines have always been a headache when US took over. US sugar growers also wanted to free themselves from Filipino sugar.
Becoming a Good Neighbor
Know: Good Neighbor Policy
3. Was the United States serious about the Good Neighbor policy? Explain.
The US was serious about the Good Neighbor policy. In Latin America, US lessened her influence in Cuba and Panama and Haiti. FDR also said TR’s big stick policy was bad. US also signed an agreement with Mexico about US oil properties.
Secretary Hull's Reciprocal Trade Agreements
Know: Cordell Hull, Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act
4. Were reciprocal trade agreements a good idea? Explain.
It was a good idea because the Reciprocal Trade Agreement Act started to reverse high tariff trend to a low tariff trend that continued in the post- WWII period. Tariff rates were sometimes cut in half.
Storm-Cellar Isolationism
Know: Joseph Stalin, Benito Mussolini, Adolf Hitler, Fascism
5. What were the reasons for American isolationism?
American was an ocean away so she didn’t think the war would bother her. Also, the US had its own problems such as coming out of the depression. American also didn’t want to get drawn into Europe’s problems.
Congress Legislates Neutrality
Know: Gerald Nye, Neutrality Acts
6. How did the Neutrality Acts attempt to keep the U.S. out of war?
The Neutrality Act started that US could not sail on a belligerent ship, sell/haul munitions, or make loans to the belligerents. This was done to avoid the mistakes made in WWI. However, WWII was simply not the case.
America Dooms Loyalist Spain
Know: Francisco Franco, Spanish Civil War
7. How did the Spanish Civil War contribute to WWII?
The Spanish Civil War was a test for Hitler for his tanks and planes. Franco and his fascists won which helped the dictators such as Hitler. US also didn’t set her military up for defense and let her navy get weaker.
Appeasing Japan and Germany
Know: Quarantine Speech, Panay, Rhineland, Sudetenland, Munich Conference, Appeasement
8. What actions were taken by fascist governments that showed that they were a threat?
Hitler broke the Treaty of Versailles by making military service mandatory and marched troops into the Rhineland. 6 million Jews were also killed in the Holocaust. Chamberlain also allowed Hitler to have his Sudetenland. Japan also had beaten the Americans in China as a hostile act towards US.
Hitler's Belligerency and U.S. Neutrality
Know: Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact, Cash and Carry
9. How did the United States respond to the start of WWII in Europe?
US supported Britain and France mentally but were still neutral. The Neutrality act of 1939 said US would sell war materials on a cash and carry basis. This meant no credit and no US ships hauled the stuff.
The fall of France
Know: Phony War, Blitzkrieg, Winston Churchill
10. What further steps did the United States take after the fall of France?
FDR called for America to build the military. A conscription law was passed which would train 1.2 million troops yearly and 800,000 reserves.
Bolstering Britain with the Destroyer Deal (1940)
Know: Battle of Britain, Royal Air Force, Fortress America, America First, Charles Lindbergh, Destroyer Deal
12. Describe the conflict between interventionists and isolationists in America in 1940.
Isolationists set up the America First Committee. Charles Lindbergh was a member of this. Interventionists set up the Committee to Defend the Allies.
FDR Shatters the Two-Term Tradition (1940)
Know: Wendell Wilke
13. Interpret the results of the 1940 election.
Wendell L. Willkie was the Republican nominee and FDR was the Democratic. Willkie was criticized for some of the New Deal mishandling and FDR came with a slogan “Better a third term a third-rater” FDR also promised not to send any boys to any foreign war.
Congress Passes the Landmark Lend-Lease Law
Know: Lend-Lease
14. What was so controversial about Lend-Lease?
Lend- Lease meant the end of isolation. Everyone in America realized this. Before this, Germany had avoided American ships. How German subs destroyed American ships.
Hitler's Assault on the Soviet Union Spawns the Atlantic Charter
Know: Atlantic Charter
15. What was the reaction in America to the Nazi attack on the Soviet Union?
America was happy because Russia and Germany can now beat each other up. US sent 1bil to Russia to help defend Moscow. Isolations criticized the Atlantic Conference but US was no longer isolated.
U.S. Destroyers and Hitler's U-Boats Clash
16. How did America's implementation of the Lend-Lease policy bring us closer to war?
On December 8, the US decalred war on Japan. On Deb Germany and Italy declared war on US and vice versa. By now, war was not official.
America's Transformation from Bystander to Belligerent
17. Was United States entry into WWII sudden or gradual? Explain.
US’s entry was sudden because the bombing of pearl harbor lead to their entry. It was the last straw for US to enter the WWI
Chapter #35: IDENTIFICATIONS
A. Philip Randolph
He was the black labor leader who called for a march to DC to protest factories’ refusals to hire African Americans.
George S. Patton
Pushed German troops into Tunisia and saved allied forces at the battle of the bulge.
Albert Einstein
German scientist who fled Nazi Germany and agreed to work on the atomic bomb for US
Office of Price Administration
The Administration that regulated the prices when prices rose.
Fair Employment Practice Commission
Established by FDR to monitor compliance with his executive order forbidding discrimination in defense industries.
D-Day
Allies attacked Germans in Normandy France. It was the largest land-sea-air operation in history
Manhattan Project
the project that secretly built the first atomic bombs in history
Braceros
Brought Mexicans to work and harvest crops.
Chapter #35: Guided Reading Questions
The Allies Trade Space for Time
Know: Germany First
1. "America's task was far more complex and back-breaking [in World War II] than in World War I." Explain.
In WWII American is actually attacked and FDR wants to attack two countries on entirely different sides of the world (Germany and Japan). Also, the only democratic powerful country standing in Europe was Britain and America has to protect Britain in order to not let communism take over.
The Shock of War
Know: Axis Powers, Internment Camps, Korematsu v. U.S.
2. How did the war affect liberal ideals and goals at home?
Japanese-Americans were arrested and sent to internment camps. Supreme court also supported the internment camps. All jobs became war jobs. America was just trying to defeat the bad guys.
Building the War Machine
Know: War Production Board, War Labor Board
3. What effects did the war have on manufacturing, agriculture and labor?
In manufacturing, the war production board took over and stopped production of non-essential items. In agricultural, new equipment and fertilizers yielded record harvests. In labor, there were minimal labor strikes even though there was a war labor board that set low wages.
Manpower and Womanpower
Know: WAACS, WAVES, SPARS, GI, Braceros, Rosie the Riveter
5. What opportunities were opened to women as a result of the war?
There were 216000 women in the military. Women took war jobs such as building planes, artillery shells, tanks, etc. After, women left the workplace because of the baby boom.
Wartime Migrations
Know: A. Philip Randolph, Fair Employment Practices Commission, Double V, CORE, Code Talkers, Zoot Suit Riots
6. What effect did the war have on the nation's minorities?
African Americans served in segregated units in the military. Because of the newly invented cotton picking machines, blacks moved to the north or west. The black organizations increased in membership. Native Americans also fought in the war using their code language.
Holding the Home front
7. What economic effects resulted from American participation in the war?
The GNP doubled and disposable income also doubled. The war’s cost was 330 billion. Four times more people had to pay income taxes on credit which meant the national debt went up to 259 billion.
The Rising Sun in the Pacific
Know: Douglas MacArthur, Bataan Death March
8. Describe Japanese victories in the Pacific in the months following Pearl Harbor.
After Pearl Harbor, Japanese began to take island after island such as Guam, Wake Island, Philippines, Hong Kong, British Malaya, Burma, Dutch East Indies and much of coastal China.
Japan's High Tide at Midway
Know: Battle of the Coral Sea, Midway, Chester Nimitz
9. Why was Midway an important battle?
During Midway, instead of being surprised, US surprised Japanese. Adam Raymond Spruance was in charge. America won and sunk four Japanese aircraft carriers. This battle proved to be the turning point in the expansion of Japanese. It halted the expansion.
American Leapfrogging Toward Tokyo
Know: Guadalcanal, Island Hopping, Guam
10. What strategy did the United States use to defeat the Japanese?
US used the strategy of island hopping meaning US would take the weaker islands and build airbases on them instead of attacking the stronghold. The stronger islands would be invaded later by bombing or keeping resources from them. The first island-hopping victory was at Guadalcanal.
The Allied Halting of Hitler
Know: Wolf Packs, Enigma, Erwin Rommel, Bernard Montgomery, El Alamein, Battle of Stalingrad
11. "The war against Hitler looked much better at the end of 1942 than it had in the beginning." Explain.
1942 was a turning point in Europe. The British bombed Germans in France. At the Battle of El Alamein the British stopped the Germans. From there, the Allies would be pushing the Germans back. Russians also stopped Germans at Stalingrad.
A Second Front from North Africa to Rome
Know: Soft Underbelly of Europe, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Casablanca, Sicily
12. Describe the purpose and outcome of the Invasion of North Africa.
The purpose of the invasion of North Africa is to open a second front against Germany so the Russian casualties would not be so heavy. The outcome was the Germans were pushed out of Africa and Roosevelt and Churchill agreed to seek the unconditional surrender of Germany.
D-Day: June 6, 1944
Know: Teheran, D-Day, Normandy, George Patton
13. Why could June 6, 1944 be considered THE turning point of the war?
The D-Day invasion was the largest amphibious assault in history. The allies managed to get in at Normandy and spread out with the lead of Gen. George S. Patton. Paris was liberated in the Aug of 1944.
FDR: The Fourth-Termite of 1944
Know: Thomas Dewey, Henry Wallace, Harry S Truman
14. Why was the choice of a vice-presidential candidate important and difficult for the democrats in 1944?
FDR had lots of enemies in outer countries. There was a possibility that FDR will also die of disease or get murdered by an German spy. Therefore, it is very important for the vice president to not have any enemies and is able to become president when FDR dies.
Roosevelt Defeats Dewey
Know: Fala
15. What factors led to Roosevelt's victory over Dewey?
FDR didn’t campaign a lot. He got a lot of financial help from the CIO’s new political action committee. He won big: 432 to 99. IT was also because the war was going very well at this point.
The Last Days of Hitler
Know: Battle of the Bulge, "Nuts," Elbe River, Holocaust, V-E Day
16. Describe the last six months of war in Europe.
Germans made one last push at the Battle of the Bulge. America was surprised but they still won. The Allies started pushing towards Berlin. They also found out the horrors of the Holocaust. Eisenhower made the German civilians march through the camps to see what they have done.
Japan Dies Hard
Know: Iwo Jima, Okinawa, Kamikazes
17. Explain the meaning of the title of this section.
Japan was slowly being pushed back. There was a two-day fire-bomb raid on Tokyo. Gen MacArthur was able to get the Philippines back. The small islands of Iwo Jima was captured. Okinawa was also captured. There was the start of Japanese kamikaze suicide pilots
The Atomic Bombs
Know: Potsdam, Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Hirohito
18. What was the military impact of the atomic bomb?
The atomic bomb was made by German scientists who had felled Nazi Germany and FDR convinced these scientists. It made the US military the greatest power in the world. The Manhattan Project secretly developed and built the world’s first atomic bomb which was dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
The Allies Triumphant
Know: George Marshall
19. "This complex conflict was the best fought war in America's history." Explain
Although the causalities were a lot, America came out of the war tougher and more powerful than ever. They were also the only ones with the homeland untouched while other countries were in rubble. US also had amazing leaders and great resources and industry.
Varying Viewpoints: The Atomic Bombs: Were They Justified?
20. What questions concerning WWII have historians attempted to answer?
Historians may have attempted to answer all the moral questions and also whether or not FDR actually knew about the bombing of Pearl Harbor before it happened and didn’t do anything to protect it.
Cordell Hull
FDR’s secretary of state who promoted reciprocal trade agreements
Winston Churchill
Prime minister of Britain who led GB’s lonely resistance to Hitler
Charles Lindbergh
Leader of America First organization and chief spokesman for US isolationism
Good Neighbor Policy
US will not use hostile forces to gain/help surrounding territories.
Reciprocal Trade Agreement Act
Lower tariffs in US will increase trade.
Rome-Berlin Axis
The alliance between Mussolini (Italy) and Hitler (Germany)
Neutrality Acts
Series of laws by Congress in 1930s that attempted to prevent US involvement in future overseas wars
Russo-German Nonaggression Pact
Stalin (Russia) and Hitler (Germany) will not attack each other
"Cash and carry"
No credit and WE will not haul the cargo
America First Committee
Isolationist group advocating that US focus on continental defense and noninvolvement with European wars
Lend-Lease Act
1941 law that made US the arsenal of democracy by providing temporary military material to Britain
Atlantic Charter
US British agreement of Aug 1941 to promote democracy and establish a new international organization for peace
Chapter #34 Guided Reading Questions
The London Conference
Know: London Economic Conference
1. What were the results of Roosevelt's decision not to help stabilize currencies?
The results of Roosevelt’s decisions not to help stabilize currencies were solidifying US isolationist’s policies. US were alone in both war and economy.
Freedom for (from?) the Filipinos and Recognition for the Russians
Know: Tydings-McDuffie Act
2. What was the reason for America's decision to free the Philippines?
Philippines have always been a headache when US took over. US sugar growers also wanted to free themselves from Filipino sugar.
Becoming a Good Neighbor
Know: Good Neighbor Policy
3. Was the United States serious about the Good Neighbor policy? Explain.
The US was serious about the Good Neighbor policy. In Latin America, US lessened her influence in Cuba and Panama and Haiti. FDR also said TR’s big stick policy was bad. US also signed an agreement with Mexico about US oil properties.
Secretary Hull's Reciprocal Trade Agreements
Know: Cordell Hull, Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act
4. Were reciprocal trade agreements a good idea? Explain.
It was a good idea because the Reciprocal Trade Agreement Act started to reverse high tariff trend to a low tariff trend that continued in the post- WWII period. Tariff rates were sometimes cut in half.
Storm-Cellar Isolationism
Know: Joseph Stalin, Benito Mussolini, Adolf Hitler, Fascism
5. What were the reasons for American isolationism?
American was an ocean away so she didn’t think the war would bother her. Also, the US had its own problems such as coming out of the depression. American also didn’t want to get drawn into Europe’s problems.
Congress Legislates Neutrality
Know: Gerald Nye, Neutrality Acts
6. How did the Neutrality Acts attempt to keep the U.S. out of war?
The Neutrality Act started that US could not sail on a belligerent ship, sell/haul munitions, or make loans to the belligerents. This was done to avoid the mistakes made in WWI. However, WWII was simply not the case.
America Dooms Loyalist Spain
Know: Francisco Franco, Spanish Civil War
7. How did the Spanish Civil War contribute to WWII?
The Spanish Civil War was a test for Hitler for his tanks and planes. Franco and his fascists won which helped the dictators such as Hitler. US also didn’t set her military up for defense and let her navy get weaker.
Appeasing Japan and Germany
Know: Quarantine Speech, Panay, Rhineland, Sudetenland, Munich Conference, Appeasement
8. What actions were taken by fascist governments that showed that they were a threat?
Hitler broke the Treaty of Versailles by making military service mandatory and marched troops into the Rhineland. 6 million Jews were also killed in the Holocaust. Chamberlain also allowed Hitler to have his Sudetenland. Japan also had beaten the Americans in China as a hostile act towards US.
Hitler's Belligerency and U.S. Neutrality
Know: Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact, Cash and Carry
9. How did the United States respond to the start of WWII in Europe?
US supported Britain and France mentally but were still neutral. The Neutrality act of 1939 said US would sell war materials on a cash and carry basis. This meant no credit and no US ships hauled the stuff.
The fall of France
Know: Phony War, Blitzkrieg, Winston Churchill
10. What further steps did the United States take after the fall of France?
FDR called for America to build the military. A conscription law was passed which would train 1.2 million troops yearly and 800,000 reserves.
Bolstering Britain with the Destroyer Deal (1940)
Know: Battle of Britain, Royal Air Force, Fortress America, America First, Charles Lindbergh, Destroyer Deal
12. Describe the conflict between interventionists and isolationists in America in 1940.
Isolationists set up the America First Committee. Charles Lindbergh was a member of this. Interventionists set up the Committee to Defend the Allies.
FDR Shatters the Two-Term Tradition (1940)
Know: Wendell Wilke
13. Interpret the results of the 1940 election.
Wendell L. Willkie was the Republican nominee and FDR was the Democratic. Willkie was criticized for some of the New Deal mishandling and FDR came with a slogan “Better a third term a third-rater” FDR also promised not to send any boys to any foreign war.
Congress Passes the Landmark Lend-Lease Law
Know: Lend-Lease
14. What was so controversial about Lend-Lease?
Lend- Lease meant the end of isolation. Everyone in America realized this. Before this, Germany had avoided American ships. How German subs destroyed American ships.
Hitler's Assault on the Soviet Union Spawns the Atlantic Charter
Know: Atlantic Charter
15. What was the reaction in America to the Nazi attack on the Soviet Union?
America was happy because Russia and Germany can now beat each other up. US sent 1bil to Russia to help defend Moscow. Isolations criticized the Atlantic Conference but US was no longer isolated.
U.S. Destroyers and Hitler's U-Boats Clash
16. How did America's implementation of the Lend-Lease policy bring us closer to war?
On December 8, the US decalred war on Japan. On Deb Germany and Italy declared war on US and vice versa. By now, war was not official.
America's Transformation from Bystander to Belligerent
17. Was United States entry into WWII sudden or gradual? Explain.
US’s entry was sudden because the bombing of pearl harbor lead to their entry. It was the last straw for US to enter the WWI
Chapter #35: IDENTIFICATIONS
A. Philip Randolph
He was the black labor leader who called for a march to DC to protest factories’ refusals to hire African Americans.
George S. Patton
Pushed German troops into Tunisia and saved allied forces at the battle of the bulge.
Albert Einstein
German scientist who fled Nazi Germany and agreed to work on the atomic bomb for US
Office of Price Administration
The Administration that regulated the prices when prices rose.
Fair Employment Practice Commission
Established by FDR to monitor compliance with his executive order forbidding discrimination in defense industries.
D-Day
Allies attacked Germans in Normandy France. It was the largest land-sea-air operation in history
Manhattan Project
the project that secretly built the first atomic bombs in history
Braceros
Brought Mexicans to work and harvest crops.
Chapter #35: Guided Reading Questions
The Allies Trade Space for Time
Know: Germany First
1. "America's task was far more complex and back-breaking [in World War II] than in World War I." Explain.
In WWII American is actually attacked and FDR wants to attack two countries on entirely different sides of the world (Germany and Japan). Also, the only democratic powerful country standing in Europe was Britain and America has to protect Britain in order to not let communism take over.
The Shock of War
Know: Axis Powers, Internment Camps, Korematsu v. U.S.
2. How did the war affect liberal ideals and goals at home?
Japanese-Americans were arrested and sent to internment camps. Supreme court also supported the internment camps. All jobs became war jobs. America was just trying to defeat the bad guys.
Building the War Machine
Know: War Production Board, War Labor Board
3. What effects did the war have on manufacturing, agriculture and labor?
In manufacturing, the war production board took over and stopped production of non-essential items. In agricultural, new equipment and fertilizers yielded record harvests. In labor, there were minimal labor strikes even though there was a war labor board that set low wages.
Manpower and Womanpower
Know: WAACS, WAVES, SPARS, GI, Braceros, Rosie the Riveter
5. What opportunities were opened to women as a result of the war?
There were 216000 women in the military. Women took war jobs such as building planes, artillery shells, tanks, etc. After, women left the workplace because of the baby boom.
Wartime Migrations
Know: A. Philip Randolph, Fair Employment Practices Commission, Double V, CORE, Code Talkers, Zoot Suit Riots
6. What effect did the war have on the nation's minorities?
African Americans served in segregated units in the military. Because of the newly invented cotton picking machines, blacks moved to the north or west. The black organizations increased in membership. Native Americans also fought in the war using their code language.
Holding the Home front
7. What economic effects resulted from American participation in the war?
The GNP doubled and disposable income also doubled. The war’s cost was 330 billion. Four times more people had to pay income taxes on credit which meant the national debt went up to 259 billion.
The Rising Sun in the Pacific
Know: Douglas MacArthur, Bataan Death March
8. Describe Japanese victories in the Pacific in the months following Pearl Harbor.
After Pearl Harbor, Japanese began to take island after island such as Guam, Wake Island, Philippines, Hong Kong, British Malaya, Burma, Dutch East Indies and much of coastal China.
Japan's High Tide at Midway
Know: Battle of the Coral Sea, Midway, Chester Nimitz
9. Why was Midway an important battle?
During Midway, instead of being surprised, US surprised Japanese. Adam Raymond Spruance was in charge. America won and sunk four Japanese aircraft carriers. This battle proved to be the turning point in the expansion of Japanese. It halted the expansion.
American Leapfrogging Toward Tokyo
Know: Guadalcanal, Island Hopping, Guam
10. What strategy did the United States use to defeat the Japanese?
US used the strategy of island hopping meaning US would take the weaker islands and build airbases on them instead of attacking the stronghold. The stronger islands would be invaded later by bombing or keeping resources from them. The first island-hopping victory was at Guadalcanal.
The Allied Halting of Hitler
Know: Wolf Packs, Enigma, Erwin Rommel, Bernard Montgomery, El Alamein, Battle of Stalingrad
11. "The war against Hitler looked much better at the end of 1942 than it had in the beginning." Explain.
1942 was a turning point in Europe. The British bombed Germans in France. At the Battle of El Alamein the British stopped the Germans. From there, the Allies would be pushing the Germans back. Russians also stopped Germans at Stalingrad.
A Second Front from North Africa to Rome
Know: Soft Underbelly of Europe, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Casablanca, Sicily
12. Describe the purpose and outcome of the Invasion of North Africa.
The purpose of the invasion of North Africa is to open a second front against Germany so the Russian casualties would not be so heavy. The outcome was the Germans were pushed out of Africa and Roosevelt and Churchill agreed to seek the unconditional surrender of Germany.
D-Day: June 6, 1944
Know: Teheran, D-Day, Normandy, George Patton
13. Why could June 6, 1944 be considered THE turning point of the war?
The D-Day invasion was the largest amphibious assault in history. The allies managed to get in at Normandy and spread out with the lead of Gen. George S. Patton. Paris was liberated in the Aug of 1944.
FDR: The Fourth-Termite of 1944
Know: Thomas Dewey, Henry Wallace, Harry S Truman
14. Why was the choice of a vice-presidential candidate important and difficult for the democrats in 1944?
FDR had lots of enemies in outer countries. There was a possibility that FDR will also die of disease or get murdered by an German spy. Therefore, it is very important for the vice president to not have any enemies and is able to become president when FDR dies.
Roosevelt Defeats Dewey
Know: Fala
15. What factors led to Roosevelt's victory over Dewey?
FDR didn’t campaign a lot. He got a lot of financial help from the CIO’s new political action committee. He won big: 432 to 99. IT was also because the war was going very well at this point.
The Last Days of Hitler
Know: Battle of the Bulge, "Nuts," Elbe River, Holocaust, V-E Day
16. Describe the last six months of war in Europe.
Germans made one last push at the Battle of the Bulge. America was surprised but they still won. The Allies started pushing towards Berlin. They also found out the horrors of the Holocaust. Eisenhower made the German civilians march through the camps to see what they have done.
Japan Dies Hard
Know: Iwo Jima, Okinawa, Kamikazes
17. Explain the meaning of the title of this section.
Japan was slowly being pushed back. There was a two-day fire-bomb raid on Tokyo. Gen MacArthur was able to get the Philippines back. The small islands of Iwo Jima was captured. Okinawa was also captured. There was the start of Japanese kamikaze suicide pilots
The Atomic Bombs
Know: Potsdam, Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Hirohito
18. What was the military impact of the atomic bomb?
The atomic bomb was made by German scientists who had felled Nazi Germany and FDR convinced these scientists. It made the US military the greatest power in the world. The Manhattan Project secretly developed and built the world’s first atomic bomb which was dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
The Allies Triumphant
Know: George Marshall
19. "This complex conflict was the best fought war in America's history." Explain
Although the causalities were a lot, America came out of the war tougher and more powerful than ever. They were also the only ones with the homeland untouched while other countries were in rubble. US also had amazing leaders and great resources and industry.
Varying Viewpoints: The Atomic Bombs: Were They Justified?
20. What questions concerning WWII have historians attempted to answer?
Historians may have attempted to answer all the moral questions and also whether or not FDR actually knew about the bombing of Pearl Harbor before it happened and didn’t do anything to protect it.